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382 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
382 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
# PostCSS Preset Env [<img src="https://postcss.github.io/postcss/logo.svg" alt="PostCSS" width="90" height="90" align="right">][postcss]
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[![NPM Version][npm-img]][npm-url]
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[![Build Status][cli-img]][cli-url]
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[![Support Chat][git-img]][git-url]
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[PostCSS Preset Env] lets you convert modern CSS into something most browsers
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can understand, determining the polyfills you need based on your targeted
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browsers or runtime environments.
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```bash
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npm install postcss-preset-env
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```
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```pcss
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@custom-media --viewport-medium (width <= 50rem);
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@custom-selector :--heading h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6;
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:root {
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--mainColor: #12345678;
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}
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body {
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color: var(--mainColor);
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font-family: system-ui;
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overflow-wrap: break-word;
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}
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:--heading {
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background-image: image-set(url(img/heading.png) 1x, url(img/heading@2x.png) 2x);
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@media (--viewport-medium) {
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margin-block: 0;
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}
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}
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a {
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color: rgb(0 0 100% / 90%);
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&:hover {
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color: rebeccapurple;
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}
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}
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/* becomes */
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:root {
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--mainColor: rgba(18, 52, 86, 0.47059);
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}
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body {
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color: rgba(18, 52, 86, 0.47059);
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color: var(--mainColor);
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font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, Droid Sans, Helvetica Neue;
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word-wrap: break-word;
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}
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h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
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background-image: url(img/heading.png);
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}
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@media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 192dpi) {
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h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
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background-image: url(img/heading@2x.png)
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}
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}
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@media (max-width: 50rem) {
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h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
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margin-top: 0;
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margin-bottom: 0;
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}
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}
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a {
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color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.9)
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}
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a:hover {
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color: #639;
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}
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```
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Without any configuration options, [PostCSS Preset Env] enables **Stage 2**
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features and supports **all** browsers.
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[![Transform with Preset Env][readme-transform-with-preset-env-img]][readme-transform-with-preset-env-url]
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[![Style with Preset Env][readme-style-with-preset-env-img]][readme-style-with-preset-env-url]
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## Usage
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Add [PostCSS Preset Env] to your project:
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```bash
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npm install postcss-preset-env --save-dev
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```
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Use [PostCSS Preset Env] to process your CSS:
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```js
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const postcssPresetEnv = require('postcss-preset-env');
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postcssPresetEnv.process(YOUR_CSS /*, processOptions, pluginOptions */);
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```
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Or use it as a [PostCSS] plugin:
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```js
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const postcss = require('postcss');
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const postcssPresetEnv = require('postcss-preset-env');
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postcss([
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postcssPresetEnv(/* pluginOptions */)
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]).process(YOUR_CSS /*, processOptions */);
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```
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[PostCSS Preset Env] runs in all Node environments, with special instructions for:
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| [Node](INSTALL.md#node) | [PostCSS CLI](INSTALL.md#postcss-cli) | [Webpack](INSTALL.md#webpack) | [Create React App](INSTALL.md#create-react-app) | [Gulp](INSTALL.md#gulp) | [Grunt](INSTALL.md#grunt) |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
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## Options
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### stage
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The `stage` option determines which CSS features to polyfill, based upon their
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stability in the process of becoming implemented web standards.
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```js
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postcssPresetEnv({ stage: 0 })
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```
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The `stage` can be `0` (experimental) through `4` (stable), or `false`. Setting
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`stage` to `false` will disable every polyfill. Doing this would only be useful
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if you intended to exclusively use the [`features`](#features) option.
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Without any configuration options, [PostCSS Preset Env] enables **Stage 2**
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features.
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### features
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The `features` option enables or disables specific polyfills by ID. Passing
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`true` to a specific feature ID will enable its polyfill, while passing `false`
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will disable it.
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```js
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postcssPresetEnv({
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/* use stage 3 features + css nesting rules */
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stage: 3,
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features: {
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'nesting-rules': true
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}
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})
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```
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Passing an object to a specific feature ID will both enable and configure it.
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```js
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postcssPresetEnv({
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/* use stage 3 features + css color-mod (warning on unresolved) */
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stage: 3,
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features: {
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'color-mod-function': { unresolved: 'warn' }
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}
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})
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```
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Any polyfills not explicitly enabled or disabled through `features` are
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determined by the [`stage`](#stage) option.
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### browsers
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The `browsers` option determines which polyfills are required based upon the
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browsers you are supporting.
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[PostCSS Preset Env] supports any standard [browserslist] configuration, which
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can be a `.browserslistrc` file, a `browserslist` key in `package.json`, or
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`browserslist` environment variables.
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The `browsers` option should only be used when a standard browserslist
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configuration is not available.
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```js
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postcssPresetEnv({ browsers: 'last 2 versions' })
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```
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If not valid browserslist configuration is specified, the
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[default browserslist query](https://github.com/browserslist/browserslist#queries)
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will be used.
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### insertBefore / insertAfter
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The `insertBefore` and `insertAfter` keys allow you to insert other PostCSS
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plugins into the chain. This is only useful if you are also using sugary
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PostCSS plugins that must execute before or after certain polyfills.
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Both `insertBefore` and `insertAfter` support chaining one or multiple plugins.
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```js
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import postcssSimpleVars from 'postcss-simple-vars';
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postcssPresetEnv({
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insertBefore: {
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'all-property': postcssSimpleVars
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}
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})
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```
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### autoprefixer
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[PostCSS Preset Env] includes [autoprefixer] and [`browsers`](#browsers) option
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will be passed to it automatically.
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Specifying the `autoprefixer` option enables passing
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[additional options](https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer#options)
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into [autoprefixer].
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```js
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postcssPresetEnv({
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autoprefixer: { grid: true }
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})
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```
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Passing `autoprefixer: false` disables autoprefixer.
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### preserve
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The `preserve` option determines whether all plugins should receive a
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`preserve` option, which may preserve or remove otherwise-polyfilled CSS. By
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default, this option is not configured.
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```js
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postcssPresetEnv({
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preserve: false // instruct all plugins to omit pre-polyfilled CSS
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});
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```
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### importFrom
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The `importFrom` option specifies sources where variables like Custom Media,
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Custom Properties, Custom Selectors, and Environment Variables can be imported
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from, which might be CSS, JS, and JSON files, functions, and directly passed
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objects.
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```js
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postcssPresetEnv({
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/*
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@custom-media --small-viewport (max-width: 30em);
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@custom-selector :--heading h1, h2, h3;
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:root { --color: red; }
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*/
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importFrom: 'path/to/file.css'
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});
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```
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Multiple sources can be passed into this option, and they will be parsed in the
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order they are received. JavaScript files, JSON files, functions, and objects
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will use different namespaces to import different kinds of variables.
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```js
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postcssPresetEnv({
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importFrom: [
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/*
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@custom-media --small-viewport (max-width: 30em);
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@custom-selector :--heading h1, h2, h3;
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:root { --color: red; }
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*/
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'path/to/file.css',
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/* module.exports = {
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customMedia: { '--small-viewport': '(max-width: 30em)' },
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customProperties: { '--color': 'red' },
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customSelectors: { ':--heading': 'h1, h2, h3' },
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environmentVariables: { '--branding-padding': '20px' }
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} */
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'and/then/this.js',
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/* {
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"custom-media": { "--small-viewport": "(max-width: 30em)" }
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"custom-properties": { "--color": "red" },
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"custom-selectors": { ":--heading": "h1, h2, h3" },
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"environment-variables": { "--branding-padding": "20px" }
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} */
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'and/then/that.json',
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{
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customMedia: { '--small-viewport': '(max-width: 30em)' },
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customProperties: { '--color': 'red' },
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customSelectors: { ':--heading': 'h1, h2, h3' },
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environmentVariables: { '--branding-padding': '20px' }
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},
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() => {
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const customMedia = { '--small-viewport': '(max-width: 30em)' };
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const customProperties = { '--color': 'red' };
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const customSelectors = { ':--heading': 'h1, h2, h3' };
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const environmentVariables = { '--branding-padding': '20px' };
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return { customMedia, customProperties, customSelectors, environmentVariables };
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}
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]
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});
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```
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### exportTo
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The `exportTo` option specifies destinations where variables like Custom Media,
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Custom Properties, Custom Selectors, and Environment Variables can be exported
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to, which might be CSS, JS, and JSON files, functions, and directly passed
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objects.
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```js
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postcssPresetEnv({
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/*
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@custom-media --small-viewport (max-width: 30em);
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@custom-selector :--heading h1, h2, h3;
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:root { --color: red; }
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*/
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exportTo: 'path/to/file.css'
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});
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```
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Multiple destinations can be passed into this option as well, and they will be
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parsed in the order they are received. JavaScript files, JSON files, and
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objects will use different namespaces to import different kinds of variables.
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```js
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const cachedObject = {};
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postcssPresetEnv({
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exportTo: [
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/*
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@custom-media --small-viewport (max-width: 30em);
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@custom-selector :--heading h1, h2, h3;
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:root { --color: red; }
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*/
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'path/to/file.css',
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/* module.exports = {
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customMedia: { '--small-viewport': '(max-width: 30em)' },
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customProperties: { '--color': 'red' },
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customSelectors: { ':--heading': 'h1, h2, h3' },
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environmentVariables: { '--branding-padding': '20px' }
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} */
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'and/then/this.js',
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/* {
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"custom-media": { "--small-viewport": "(max-width: 30em)" }
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"custom-properties": { "--color": "red" },
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"custom-selectors": { ":--heading": "h1, h2, h3" },
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"environment-variables": { "--branding-padding": "20px" }
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} */
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'and/then/that.json',
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cachedObject,
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variables => {
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if ('customProperties' in variables) {
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// do something special with customProperties
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}
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Object.assign(cachedObject, variables);
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}
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]
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});
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```
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[cli-img]: https://img.shields.io/travis/csstools/postcss-preset-env/master.svg
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[cli-url]: https://travis-ci.org/csstools/postcss-preset-env
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[git-img]: https://img.shields.io/badge/support-chat-blue.svg
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[git-url]: https://gitter.im/postcss/postcss
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[npm-img]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/postcss-preset-env.svg
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[npm-url]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/postcss-preset-env
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[autoprefixer]: https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer
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[browserslist]: https://github.com/browserslist/browserslist#readme
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[caniuse]: https://caniuse.com/
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[cssdb]: https://cssdb.org/
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[PostCSS]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss
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[PostCSS Preset Env]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-preset-env
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[readme-style-with-preset-env-img]: https://csstools.github.io/postcss-preset-env/readme-style-with-preset-env.svg
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[readme-style-with-preset-env-url]: https://codepen.io/pen?template=OZRovK
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[readme-transform-with-preset-env-img]: https://csstools.github.io/postcss-preset-env/readme-transform-with-preset-env.svg
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[readme-transform-with-preset-env-url]: https://csstools.github.io/postcss-preset-env/
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