mirror of
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575 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
575 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
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<div align="center">
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<div>
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<img width="277" alt="spacetime logo" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/31140478-80a4269a-a842-11e7-8dbf-b541fe3e87a7.png">
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</div>
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<a href="https://npmjs.org/package/spacetime">
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<img src="https://img.shields.io/npm/v/spacetime.svg?style=flat-square" />
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</a>
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<a href="https://codecov.io/gh/spencermountain/spacetime">
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<img src="https://codecov.io/gh/spencermountain/spacetime/branch/master/graph/badge.svg" />
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</a>
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<a href="https://bundlephobia.com/result?p=spacetime@latest">
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<img src="https://badge-size.herokuapp.com/spencermountain/spacetime/master/builds/spacetime.min.js" />
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</a>
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</div>
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<!-- spacer -->
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<img height="50px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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Isn't it weird how we can do <i>math</i> in our head, but not <b><i>date math</i></b>?
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<div align="left">
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<div >
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<img height="30px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/><i>- how many days until the end of the year?</i>
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</div>
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<div >
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<img height="30px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/><i>-what time was it, 11 hours ago?</i>
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</div>
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<div >
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<img height="30px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/><i>-is it lunchtime in france?</i>
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</div>
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</div>
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<img height="50px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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and worse - there is no real **_date calculator_**.
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<div align="center">
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<sub>people end up asking google, and going to weird websites.</sub>
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</div>
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<img height="10px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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<div align="center"><sub>that's bad.</sub></div>
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<img height="25px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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<b>spacetime</b> is a date-calculator,
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<div >
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<img height="25px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/><sub>It's very small, and very handy.</sub>
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</div>
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```js
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let s = spacetime.now()
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s.diff(s.endOf('year'), 'days')
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// 292
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s.minus(11, 'hours').time()
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// 6:50am
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s = s.now('Europe/Paris')
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s.isAfter(s.time('11:00am'))
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// true 🥐
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```
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<img height="30px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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<div align="center">
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<img height="50px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221814-05ed1680-ffb8-11e9-8b6b-c7528d163871.png"/>
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</div>
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<img height="30px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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- calculate time in remote timezones
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- support **daylight savings**, **leap years**, and **hemispheres**
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- [Moment-like API](https://beta.observablehq.com/@spencermountain/spacetime-api) _(but immutable)_
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- Orient time by quarter, season, month, week..
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- _Zero Dependencies_ - (no _[Intl API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl)_)
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- weighs about 40kb.
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- has a cool _[plugin thing](https://observablehq.com/@spencermountain/spacetime)_.
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<!-- spacer -->
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<img height="30px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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```html
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<script src="https://unpkg.com/spacetime"></script>
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<script>
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var d = spacetime('March 1 2012', 'America/New_York')
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//set the time
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d = d.time('4:20pm')
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d = d.goto('America/Los_Angeles')
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d.time()
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//'1:20pm'
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</script>
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```
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<!-- spacer -->
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<img height="30px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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`npm install spacetime`
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```js
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const spacetime = require('spacetime')
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let d = spacetime.now('Europe/Paris')
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d.dayName()
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//'Wednesday'
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d.isAsleep()
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//true
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```
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<sub><i>typescript / babel / deno:</i></sub>
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```ts
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import spacetime from 'spacetime'
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let d = spacetime.now()
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d.format('nice')
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//'Apr 1st, 4:32pm'
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```
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<div align="right">
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<a href="https://github.com/spencermountain/spacetime/wiki/Typescript">ts docs</a>
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</div>
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<img height="50px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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<div align="center">
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<h3>
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<a href="https://beta.observablehq.com/@spencermountain/spacetime">
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Demo
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</a>
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•
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<a href="https://beta.observablehq.com/@spencermountain/spacetime-api">
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Full API
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</a>
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</h3>
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<img height="30px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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<div>
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<img width="550" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/50862221-1d904a00-1369-11e9-891c-5f4e9fbb9ec0.gif" />
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</div>
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<img height="40px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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</div>
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<img height="30px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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plugins:
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<div align="center">
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<a href="https://github.com/spencermountain/spacetime/tree/master/plugins/geo">spacetime-geo</a>
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• <a href="https://github.com/spencermountain/spacetime/tree/master/plugins/daylight">spacetime-daylight</a>
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• <a href="https://github.com/spencermountain/spacetime/tree/master/plugins/age">spacetime-age</a>
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</div>
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<div align="center">
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<a href="https://github.com/spencermountain/somehow-calendar">somehow-calendar</a>
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• <a href="https://github.com/spencermountain/spacetime/tree/master/plugins/week-of-month">week-of-month</a>
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• <a href="https://github.com/spencermountain/spacetime/tree/master/plugins/week-start">week-start</a>
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</div>
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<img height="50px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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### Date Inputs:
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we can parse _[all the normal stuff](https://github.com/spencermountain/spacetime/wiki/Input)_, and some fancy stuff:
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```js
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//epoch
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s = spacetime(1489520157124)
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//array [yyyy, m, d] (zero-based months, 1-based days)
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s = spacetime([2017, 5, 2])
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//iso
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s = spacetime('July 2, 2017 5:01:00')
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// All inputs accept a timezone, as 2nd param:
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s = spacetime(1489520157124, 'Canada/Pacific')
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s = spacetime('2019/05/15', 'Canada/Pacific')
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// or set the offset right in the date-string (ISO-8601)
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s = spacetime('2017-04-03T08:00:00-0700')
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// 'Etc/GMT-7'
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// Some helpers
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s = spacetime.now()
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s = spacetime.today() // This morning
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s = spacetime.tomorrow() // Tomorrow morning
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s = spacetime.min() // the earliest-possible date (271,821 bc)
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s = spacetime.max() // the furthest-possible future date (27k years from now)
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// To get the native Date object back
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// NOTE: this returns the date in the local browsers timezone
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jsDate = spacetimeDate.toNativeDate()
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```
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for fancier natural-language inputs, use [compromise-dates](https://github.com/spencermountain/compromise/tree/master/plugins/dates).
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<img height="20px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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### Get & Set dates:
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you can whip things around, but stay intuitive
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```js
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s.date() // 14
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s.year() // 2017
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s.season() // Spring
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s = s.hour(5) // Change to 5am
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s = s.date(15) // Change to the 15th
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s = s.day('monday') // Change to (this week's) monday
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s = s.day('monday', true) // go forward to monday
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s = s.day('monday', false) // go backward to monday
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s = s.month('march') // Change to (this year's) March 1st
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s = s.quarter(2) // Change to April 1st
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s.era() // 'BC'/'AD'
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s.decade() // 2000
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s.century() // 21
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// Percentage-based information
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s.progress().month = 0.23 // We're a quarter way through the month
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s.progress().day = 0.48 // Almost noon
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s.progress().hour = 0.99 // 59 minutes and 59 seconds
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// Add/subtract methods
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s = s.add(1, 'week')
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s = s.add(3, 'quarters')
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s = s.subtract(2, 'months').add(1, 'day')
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// start-of/end-of
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s = s.startOf('day') // 12:00am
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s = s.startOf('month') // 12:00am, April 1st
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s = s.endOf('quarter') // 11:59:59pm, June 30th
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s = s.nearest('hour') //round up/down to the hour
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s = s.nearest('quarter-hour') //5:15, 5:30, 5:45..
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s = s.next('month') //start of the next month
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s = s.last('year') //start of the last year
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// fill-in all dates between a range
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s.every('week', 'Jan 1st 2020') // (in tz of starting-date)
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//utilities:
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s.clone() // Make a copy
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s.isValid() // Sept 32nd → false
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s.isAwake() // it's between 8am → 10pm
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s.json() // get values in every unit as key-val object
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```
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if it's **_9am on tuesday_**, and you <i>add a week</i>, it will still be 9am on tuesday.
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... even if some crazy changes happen.
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setter methods also support a handy 2nd param that controls whether it should be set forward, or backward.
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```js
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s = s.time('4:00pm') // 4pm today
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s = s.time('4:00pm', true) // the next 4pm in the future
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s = s.time('4:00pm', false) // the most-recent 4pm
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s = s.set('march 5th 2020')
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s = s.set('march 4th') // 2020 (same year)
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s = s.set('march 4th', true) // 2021
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s = s.set('march 6th', false) // 2019
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```
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it's actually a little surprising how helpful this is.
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<img height="20px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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### Comparisons:
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```js
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let s = spacetime([2017, 5, 2])
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let start = s.subtract(1, 'milliseconds')
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let end = s.add(1, 'milliseconds')
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// gt/lt/equals
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s.isAfter(d) // True
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s.isEqual(d) // False
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s.isBefore(d) // False
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s.isBetween(start, end, inclusive?) // True
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// Comparison by unit
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s.isSame(d, 'year') // True
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s.isSame(d, 'date') // False
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s.diff(d, 'day') // 5
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s.diff(d, 'month') // 0
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//make a human-readable diff
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let before = spacetime([2018, 3, 28])
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let now = spacetime([2017, 3, 28]) //one year later
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now.since(before)
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// {diff: { months: 11, days: 30, ...}, rounded: 'in 12 months' }
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```
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all comparisons are done with sensitivity of timezone - **_8am EST_** is < **_8am PST_**.
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<img height="20px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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### Timezones:
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the best way to describe a timezone is an [IANA code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones):
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```js
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// Roll into a new timezone, at the same moment
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s = s.goto('Australia/Brisbane')
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```
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if you want to support relaxed timezone names like `'EST'`, `Eastern time`, use [timezone-soft](https://github.com/spencermountain/timezone-soft/)
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```js
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spacetime.extend(require('timezone-soft'))
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s = s.goto('milwaukee') // 'America/Chicago'
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s = s.goto('-7h') // UTC-7
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s = s.goto('GMT+8') // -8h!
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// (these should be used with some caution)
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```
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play-around with timezones, and their DST-changes:
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```js
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//list timezones by their current time
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spacetime.whereIts('8:30pm', '9:30pm') // ['America/Winnipeg', 'America/Yellowknife'... ]
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spacetime.whereIts('9am') //(within this hour)
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// Timezone metadata
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s.timezone().name // 'Canada/Eastern' (either inferred or explicit)
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s.hemisphere() // North
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s.timezone().current.offset // -4 (in hours)
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s.hasDST() // True
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s.isDST() // True
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//list all timezones
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spacetime.timezones()
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```
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you can flip-around the world pretty quick.
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spacetime will use your local timezone, by default:
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`.goto(null)` will pluck your current tz safely from your browser or computer.
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```js
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spacetime().time('4:30pm').goto('Europe/Paris').goto(null).time()
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// 4:30pm
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```
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<img height="20px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
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### Date Formatting:
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it's _[a pretty-sensible process](https://github.com/spencermountain/spacetime/wiki/Formatting)_ to create nice-looking dates:
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```js
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// Date + time formatting
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s.format('time') // '5:01am'
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s.format('numeric-uk') // 02/03/2017
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s.format('month') // 'April'
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s.format('month-short') // 'Apr'
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s.format('month-pad') // '03'
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|
s.format('iso-month') // '04'
|
||
|
|
||
|
//if you want more complex formats, use {}'s
|
||
|
s.format('{year}-{date-pad}-{month-pad}') // '2018-02-02'
|
||
|
s.format("{hour} o'clock") // '2 o'clock'
|
||
|
s.format('{time}{ampm} sharp') // '2:30pm sharp'
|
||
|
|
||
|
//if you prefer, you can also use unix-formatting
|
||
|
s.unixFmt('yyyy.MM.dd h:mm a') // '2017.Nov.16 11:34 AM'
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
<!-- spacer -->
|
||
|
<img height="50px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
|
||
|
<div align="center">
|
||
|
<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221814-05ed1680-ffb8-11e9-8b6b-c7528d163871.png"/>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
||
|
## Limitations & caveats
|
||
|
|
||
|
#### ◆ Historical timezone info
|
||
|
|
||
|
DST changes move around all the time, and timezones pop-in and out of existence.
|
||
|
We store and use only the latest DST information, and apply it to historical dates.
|
||
|
|
||
|
#### ◆ International date line
|
||
|
|
||
|
`.goto()` never crosses the date-line. This is mostly the intuitive behaviour.
|
||
|
|
||
|
But if you're in `Fiji` (just west of the date line), and you go to `Midway` (just east of the date line), .goto() will subtract a bunch of hours, instead of just adding one.
|
||
|
|
||
|
#### ◆ Destructive changes
|
||
|
|
||
|
if it's `2:30pm` and you add a month, it should still be `2:30pm`. Some changes are more destructive than others. Many of thse choices are subjective, but also sensible.
|
||
|
|
||
|
#### ◆ 0-based vs 1-based ...
|
||
|
|
||
|
for better or worse we copy the JavaScript spec for 0-based months, and 1-based dates.
|
||
|
|
||
|
ISO-formatting is different, so keep on your toes.
|
||
|
|
||
|
see [more considerations and gotchas](https://github.com/spencermountain/spacetime/wiki)
|
||
|
|
||
|
#### Daylight-savings gotchas
|
||
|
|
||
|
We've written in detail about how spacetime handles Daylight-savings changes [here](https://observablehq.com/@spencermountain/spacetime-daylight-savings-time?collection=@spencermountain/spacetime)
|
||
|
|
||
|
Fall DST changes have an hour that is repeated twice. There are a lot of tricky situations that come from this.
|
||
|
Add 10 minutes at `1:55am`, and a spacetime diff may show `-50mins`. Within an hour of this change, some spacetime methods may be off-by-one hour.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Springtime DST changes are generally smoother than Fall ones.
|
||
|
|
||
|
<!-- spacer -->
|
||
|
<div align="center">
|
||
|
<img height="25px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div align="center">
|
||
|
<img height="50px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221632-b9094000-ffb7-11e9-99e0-b48edd6cdf8a.png"/>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
||
|
### Config:
|
||
|
|
||
|
#### Ambiguity warnings:
|
||
|
|
||
|
javascript dates use millisecond-epochs, instead of second-epochs, like some other languages.
|
||
|
This is a common bug, and spacetime can warn if you set an epoch within January 1970.
|
||
|
to enable:
|
||
|
|
||
|
```js
|
||
|
let s = spacetime(123456, 'UTC', {
|
||
|
silent: false
|
||
|
})
|
||
|
s.log() // "Jan 1st, 12:02am"
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
There is another situation where you may see a `console.warn` - if you give it a timezone, but then set a ISO-date string with a different offset, like `2017-04-03T08:00:00-0700` (-7hrs UTC offset).
|
||
|
It sets the timezone to UTC-7, but also gives a warning.
|
||
|
|
||
|
```js
|
||
|
let s = spacetime('2017-04-03T08:00:00-0700', 'Canada/Eastern', {
|
||
|
silent: false
|
||
|
})
|
||
|
s.timezone().name // "Etc/GMT-7"
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
#### Configure 'today' context:
|
||
|
|
||
|
spacetime makes some assumptions about some string inputs:
|
||
|
|
||
|
```js
|
||
|
// assumes start of month
|
||
|
let s = spacetime('June 1992')
|
||
|
s.date() // 1
|
||
|
|
||
|
// assumes current year
|
||
|
let s = spacetime('June 5th')
|
||
|
s.year() // 2020 (or whatever it is now)
|
||
|
|
||
|
// assumes Jan 1st
|
||
|
let s = spacetime('2030')
|
||
|
s.month() // 'January'
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
you can configure this assumed date (usually for testing) by passing it in as an option:
|
||
|
|
||
|
```js
|
||
|
let today = {
|
||
|
month: 3,
|
||
|
date: 4,
|
||
|
year: 1996
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
let s = spacetime('June 5th', null, { today: today })
|
||
|
s.year() // 1996
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
it also works for `spacetime.now(tz, {today:today})` and others.
|
||
|
|
||
|
#### Extending/Plugins:
|
||
|
|
||
|
you can throw any methods onto the Spacetime class you want, with `spacetime.extend()`:
|
||
|
|
||
|
```js
|
||
|
spacetime.extend({
|
||
|
isHappyHour: function () {
|
||
|
return this.hour() === 16
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
})
|
||
|
|
||
|
let s = spacetime.now('Australia/Adelaide')
|
||
|
s.isHappyHour()
|
||
|
//false
|
||
|
|
||
|
s = s.time('4:30pm')
|
||
|
s.isHappyHour()
|
||
|
//true
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
#### DD/MM/YYY interpretation:
|
||
|
|
||
|
by default spacetime uses the American interpretation of ambiguous date formats, like javascript does:
|
||
|
|
||
|
```js
|
||
|
spacetime('12/01/2018') //dec 1st
|
||
|
|
||
|
// unless it's clear (>12):
|
||
|
spacetime('13/01/2018') //jan 13th
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
you can change this behaviour by passing in a `dmy` option, like this:
|
||
|
|
||
|
```js
|
||
|
spacetime('12/01/2018', null, { dmy: true }) //jan 12th
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
this format is more common in [britain, and south america](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Date_format_by_country).
|
||
|
|
||
|
#### Custom languages:
|
||
|
|
||
|
```js
|
||
|
a.i18n({
|
||
|
days: {
|
||
|
long: ['domingo', 'lunes', 'martes', 'miércoles', 'jueves', 'viernes', 'sábado'],
|
||
|
short: ['dom', 'lun', 'mar', 'mié', 'jue', 'vie', 'sáb']
|
||
|
},
|
||
|
months: {
|
||
|
long: [...],
|
||
|
short: ['ene', 'feb', 'mar', 'abr', 'may', 'jun', 'jul', 'ago', 'sep', 'oct', 'nov', 'dic'],
|
||
|
},
|
||
|
useTitleCase: true // automatically in .format()
|
||
|
});
|
||
|
a.format('day') //'Sábado'
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
#### Configure start of week:
|
||
|
|
||
|
by default, the start of the week is monday.
|
||
|
|
||
|
You can determine the week by the official country setting, with [spacetime-week](https://github.com/spencermountain/spacetime-week)
|
||
|
|
||
|
```js
|
||
|
let s = spacetime.now()
|
||
|
s = s.weekStart('sunday')
|
||
|
|
||
|
s = s.startOf('week')
|
||
|
s.dayName()
|
||
|
//sunday
|
||
|
|
||
|
s = s.endOf('week')
|
||
|
s.dayName()
|
||
|
//saturday
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
<!-- spacer -->
|
||
|
<div align="center">
|
||
|
<img height="25px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221862-17ceb980-ffb8-11e9-87d4-7b30b6488f16.png"/>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div align="center">
|
||
|
<img height="50px" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/399657/68221824-09809d80-ffb8-11e9-9ef0-6ed3574b0ce8.png"/>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
||
|
#### See also:
|
||
|
|
||
|
- [luxon](https://moment.github.io/luxon/) - a small library from the clever moment people
|
||
|
- [date-fns](https://date-fns.org/) - an battle-hardened client-side Date utility
|
||
|
- [sugarjs/dates](https://sugarjs.com/dates/) - well-made date fns + timezone math
|
||
|
- [Intl.DateTimeFormat](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/DateTimeFormat) - some _[sorta-green](https://caniuse.com/#feat=internationalization)_ in-browser date utilities
|
||
|
|
||
|
thank you to the amazing [timeanddate.com](https://www.timeanddate.com/)
|
||
|
|
||
|
Apache 2.0
|